The suspension is an important component in a car that elastically connects the frame to the wheels and relates to the performance of the car in various ways. Visually, the automotive suspension is one of the more difficult automotive assemblies to meet the requirements. This is because the suspension has to meet both the automotive requirements and its handling stability requirements, while the suspension consists of just a few rods, tubes and springs, but don't think it is simple and the aspects are opposed.

Definition of suspension.

Suspension system is a structural system of connection between the body, frame and wheels. This structural system contains components such as shock absorbers, suspension springs, anti-roll bars, suspension sub-members, lower control arms, longitudinal tie rods, steering knuckle arms, rubber bushings and connecting rods. When a car is driven on the road, it is subject to vibrations and shocks due to changes in the ground. Some of these shocks are absorbed by the tires, but the vast majority are absorbed by the suspension mechanism between the tires and the body.

Suspension role.

The role of the suspension is to transmit the forces and torques acting between the wheels and the frame, to cushion the impacts transmitted to the frame or body by uneven road surfaces, and to attenuate the resulting vibrations to ensure that the car can drive smoothly.

Suspension structure.

A typical suspension structure consists of elastic elements, guide mechanisms and shock absorbers, while individual structures have cushion blocks, lateral stabilizer bars, etc. Elastic elements are in the form of steel springs, air springs, coil springs and torsion bar springs, while most modern automobile suspensions use coil springs and torsion bar springs, and luxury buses use air springs.

Suspension testing.

Automotive suspension multi-degree of freedom test bench mainly simulates the static and dynamic mechanical performance evaluation test of automotive suspension, including high and low circumference fatigue and simulation of actual working conditions, and also can test different components such as subframe, shock absorbing elements (shock absorbers, etc. by changing fixtures. ), cushioning elements (coil springs, etc.), guiding elements (control arms, upper swing arms, lower swing arms, etc.), other components (steering knuckles, wheel bearings, drive shaft heads, steering gears, stabilizer bars, various standard parts), etc.

The test system mainly consists of actuator unit, actuator assembly, loading frame, power unit, hydraulic pump station, control unit, computer servo system, and according to the structural form of test parts, the test system is established in block form

Suspension type

Automotive suspension can be further divided into non-independent suspension and independent suspension. The structure of non-independent suspension is characterized by the fact that the wheels on both sides are connected by an integral axle, and the wheels are connected to the frame (or body) together with the axle through a flexible suspension. When one side of the wheel bounces due to uneven road surface, it will inevitably cause the other side of the wheel to swing in the lateral direction of the car, so it is called non-independent suspension. The structural feature of independent suspension is that the axle is disconnected and the wheels on both sides are connected to the frame (or body) separately through the flexible suspension, so that the wheels on both sides can bounce independently without affecting each other.